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Patient Self-Management Support Programs: An Evaluation

Table 4. AADE Recommended Measures and Measurement Methods

Table of Contents

Diabetes self-care behavior	Measures	Methods of measurement
Monitoring blood glucose	Frequency of missed tests. Frequency and schedule of tests (times/day, days/week). Planned, unplanned testing. Review of pharmacy refill record.	Review of log book. Meter memory review or printout. Self-report. Demonstration of technique.
Solving problems	Blood glucose testing. Adjusting food, medication, activity. Contact with health care provider for resolving problems. Checking meter and strips for function. Number of blood glucose tests per month requiring assistance. Number of times that ketones are tested (when appropriate). Missed days from work or school.	Patient self-report. Review of log book (unreliable). Meter memory review or printout. Review of medical chart. Frequency of medication adjustment.
Taking medication	Adherence to medication regimen. Dose accuracy.	Pill count. Review of pharmacy refill record. Demonstration. Self-report. Blood glucose, medication records. Observation, role playing.
Living with diabetes	Depression score. Stress. Quality of life. Functional measurement. Treatment self-efficacy. Patient empowerment. Self-report.	Validated instruments (e.g., SF-12, SF-36, Zung/Beck Depression Scale)
Reducing risks of diabetes complications	Smoking status. Frequency of foot self-exam. Aspirin therapy. Eye exam. MD visit. Diabetes educator visit. Registered Dietician visit. Lipids checked. Blood pressure checked. Flu vaccine, pneumonia vaccine. Urine check for protein. Prepregnancy counseling.	Patient self-report. Chart or exam code audit. Demonstration of self-care activities.
Being active	Type of physical activity. How often. How long. How intense.	Patient self-report. Observation. Pedometer.
Eating	Type of food choices. Amount of food eaten. Timing of meals. Alcohol intake. Effect of food on glucose. Problem solving and special situations.	Patient self-report. Observation. Food and blood glucose records. 24-hour recall, food frequency questionnaires.

Source: Mulcahy, et al, 2003.⁵⁶ (Derived from Table 4: AADE Diabetes education core outcomes measures for diabetes self-care behaviors, pages 776-9.)

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Page last reviewed July 2018

Page originally created September 2012

Internet Citation: Table 4. AADE Recommended Measures and Measurement Methods. Content last reviewed July 2018. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD.
https://www.ahrq.gov/research/findings/final-reports/ptmgmt/ptmgmttab4.html